脂肪胺类化合物氨基15N NMR化学位移规律的研究

提出了计算脂肪胺类化合物的¹⁵N NMR化学位移的经验公式：δ_cal（¹⁵N）=-380.2+ΣΔα+ΣΔβ+ΣΔγ+ΣΔδ+ΣC,结合最小二乘法通过线性回归得到了11种取代基参数,计算结果以133种化合物的133个¹⁵N NMR化学位移数据为样本点进行回归检验,置信度为99.5 %,约有94.7 %的¹⁵N NMR化学位移计算值的计算误差小于5.0（相对误差小于0.5 %）.     

DMSO作为新的合成子在有机合成中的应用研究进展

二甲亚砜(DMSO)不但可以作为有机溶剂,同时还可以作为反应试剂,在有机合成中得到了广泛的应用.由于其具有来源广、价格低廉、操作简单等优点,近年来将DMSO作为反应试剂应用于有机合成反应引起了广大化学家的关注.本文作者对近几年来DMSO作为合成子在有机合成中的应用按照引入官能团的种类进行了总结,详细阐述了其转化为甲磺酰基、甲酰基、氰基、甲硫基等官能团的方法学研究,以期为开发DMSO新的应用提供参考依据.     

Taming Tin(IV) Polyazides

The first charge‐neutral Lewis base adducts of tin(IV) tetraazide, [Sn(N₃)₄(bpy)], [Sn(N₃)₄(phen)] and [Sn(N₃)₄(py)₂], and the salt bis{bis(triphenylphosphine)iminium} hexa(azido)stannate [(PPN)₂Sn(N₃)₆] (bpy = 2,2′‐bipyridine; phen = 1,10‐phenanthroline; py = pyridine; PPN = N(PPh₃)₂) have been prepared using covalent or ionic azide‐transfer reagents and ligand‐exchange reactions. The azides were isolated on the 0.3 to 1 g scale and characterized by IR and NMR spectroscopies, microanalytical and thermal methods and their molecular structures determined by single‐crystal XRD. All complexes have a distorted octahedral Sn[N]₆ coordination geometry and possess greater thermal stability than their Si and Ge homologues. The nitrogen content of the adducts of up to 44 % exceed any Sn^IV compound known hitherto.     

Making Dimethylamino a Transformable Directing Group by Nickel‐Catalyzed CN Borylation

The dimethylamino (Me₂N) group is arguably the most versatile functional group capable of highly efficient and site‐selective directed aromatic functionalizations at the ortho‐, meta‐, and para‐positions depending on reaction conditions. While the repertoire of Me₂N‐directed reactions is growing at a rapid pace, the lack of a general method to transform this group to other functionalities hampers its wider application in organic synthesis. Here we report nickel‐catalyzed C?N borylations of aryl‐ and benzyl‐dimethylamines that permit the conversion of a huge library of largely underutilized Me₂N‐containing organic molecules into various functional molecules by taking advantage of the wealth of existing C?B functionalization methods.     

纳米SiO_2表面基团在MMA原位本体聚合中的阻缓聚作用

分别以3-(甲基丙烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷(MPS)和辛基三甲氧基硅烷(OTMS)为活性和惰性硅烷的代表,对SiO2进行不同锚固密度的表面修饰,并以改性SiO2的甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)单体分散液为原料,通过原位本体聚合制得一系列SiO2含量不同的高分散性SiO2/PMMA复合材料.考察SiO2表面基团活性程度和SiO2含量对聚合反应动力学、基体聚合物分子量以及复合材料硬度的影响,探究修饰状态不同SiO2在本体自由基聚合中的作用机制.发现SiO2表面硅羟基及其锚固MPS的活性双键会对聚合反应起阻缓聚作用,进而会显著降低基体聚合物的分子量及复合材料的硬度.而惰性硅烷OTMS对SiO2表面的锚固则会消耗SiO2表面硅羟基、并屏蔽其影响,因而随着OTMS锚固密度的提高,基体分子量和复合材料硬度均会随之提高,特别是当表面修饰达到饱和状态时,SiO2的阻缓聚作用已可忽略.     

亲水头基大小对正负离子表面活性剂混合体系的影响

<正>负离子表面活性剂混合体系曾被认为是表面活性剂配方的禁忌,但通过增大表面活性剂头基的面积,正负混合体系在很宽的物质的量比下都不会产生沉淀,而且还会产生显著的增效效应。头基大的离子型表面活性剂甚至能够用来增溶难溶的反电荷表面活性剂。     

A Comparison of Three Different Biodegradable Aliphatic Oligoesters (PGA,PLLA, and PCL) with Similar Linear Alkyl End Groups by DSC and SAXS

The biodegradable aliphatic oligoesters polyglycolide (PGA), poly(L-lactide) (PLLA), and poly(?-caprolactone) (PCL) with similar number-average molecular weight M_n values but different linear alkyl end groups [CH₃?[CH₂?CH₂]_m?CH₂?] were compared in terms of their physical properties, parameters such as melting temperature (T_m), crystallinity (x_i), long period (L), and lamella thickness (D). They were analyzed by DSC and SAXS. The effect of a longer and nonpolar alkyl end group such as docosyl [CH₃?[CH₂?CH₂]₁₀?CH₂?] on the long period (L) was more evident for PCL because it was the most nonpolar species in the family of oligoesters analyzed.     

A Gallium‐Substituted Distibene and an Antimony‐Analogue Bicyclo[1.1.0]butane: Synthesis and Solid‐State Structures

RGa {R=HC[C(Me)N(2,6‐iPr₂C₆H₃)]₂} reacts with Sb(NMe₂)₃ with insertion into the Sb? N bond and elimination of RGa(NMe₂)₂ ( 2 ), yielding the Ga‐substituted distibene R(Me₂N)GaSb?SbGa(NMe₂)R ( 1 ). Thermolysis of 1 proceeded with elimination of RGa and 2 and subsequent formation of the bicyclo[1.1.0]butane analogue [R(Me₂N)Ga]₂Sb₄ ( 3 ).     

Selective Michael Reaction Controlled by Supersilyl Protecting Group

Selective Michael reaction of organolithium reagents to supersilyl methacrylate is reported. The method was able to control a single and double Michael addition. The successful termination of the process using the supersilyl protecting group allows for the controlled, chemoselective, and diastereoselective Michael reaction.     

Six‐Coordinate Group 13 Complexes: The Role of d Orbitals and Electron‐Rich Multi‐Center Bonding

Bonding in six‐coordinate complexes based on Group 13 elements (B, Al, Ga, In, Tl) is usually considered to be identical to that in transition‐metal analogues. We herein demonstrate through sophisticated electronic‐structure analyses that the bonding in these Group 13 element complexes is fundamentally different and better characterized as electron‐rich hypervalent bonding with essentially no role for the d orbitals. This characteristic is carried through to the molecular properties of the complex.